How is the service life of primary lithium batteries determined?

We know lithium batteries mainly from our smartphones, laptops, or smartwatches: all devices that can be recharged again and again once the battery is empty, but not all lithium batteries are rechargeable. Some chemistries, generally CR (lithium manganese dioxide) and ER (lithium thionyl chloride) batteries, may not be recharged under any circumstances. Both types of

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Ask the doctor of chemistry: Why can’t primary lithium batteries be recharged?

Lithium batteries are one of the most widely used types of batteries and serve a variety of applications, including electronic devices and energy storage. We know these batteries mainly from our smartphones, wearables, or cars, which we can recharge time and again. However, there are battery chemistries with lithium that cannot be recharged. These include,

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Advantages and Special Characteristics of Lithium Thionyl Chloride Batteries

Lithium thionyl chloride batteries (Li/SOCl₂) belong to the lithium primary cell family. Unlike lithium ion or lithium polymer batteries, these cells cannot be recharged once they have been discharged. However, due to their long lifetime, this characteristic is of little importance in everyday use. In fact, lithium thionyl chloride batteries supply power to applications for

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